Nine Things you should know about Gun Laws in Ohio 

Guns are a debated topic across the United States; every state has varying laws and regulations surrounding their possession and use.

Around 393 million adults in the US own a gun, equating to nearly 42% of the adult population. With a massive portion of the population possessing firearms, gun laws must be clearly understood, especially in open-carry states like Ohio, where adults over 21 can openly carry a loaded handgun without a license.

However, there are still important laws and restrictions that gun owners in Ohio must be aware of. Staying up-to-date and educated on the latest regulations can help ensure gun owners remain compliant.

Here are ten key things you should know about gun laws in Ohio.

1. No Permit or Registration Required for Purchase

Ohio does not require permits, licenses, or registration for handgun purchases from private sellers. This allows any resident aged 18 or older to legally buy a handgun from an individual without a background check or paperwork.

However, there are exceptions. Licensed firearms dealers must still complete federal background checks before selling any firearm. Also, concealed carry permits require registration and background checks.

Ohio is one of many states that does not regulate private party sales. Supporters argue this allows law-abiding citizens easier access to guns for self-defense. Critics counter that it enables guns to fall into the wrong hands too easily without sufficient oversight. It remains a divisive issue.

2. Concealed Carry Permits Available with Training

Open carry of loaded handguns is legal for adults over 21 without a license. However, concealed carry requires obtaining a permit. The process involves completing a detailed application, passing a background check, completing an approved 8-hour training course, and paying a fee.

Applicants must be at least 21 years old.Part of this process can be fulfilled by taking the Ohio Concealed Carry (CCW) Certification Class, which ensures applicants meet the necessary safety and legal requirements.

The concealed carry license allows hidden, loaded carry of handguns in many public spaces like stores and restaurants. However, certain sensitive places are off-limits, including police stations, airports, courthouses, and school safety zones.

Licenses are shall-issue, meaning authorities must approve applications meeting requirements. Licenses are valid for five years.

3. Stand Your Ground Laws Provide Self-Defense Rights

Ohio has strong self-defense laws under the Castle Doctrine and Stand Your Ground provisions. This removes the duty to retreat before using force if you reasonably fear death or serious injury. The key standard is whether you reasonably believed physical force was the only way to prevent imminent harm.

Deadly force can legally be used if you reasonably believe it’s the sole option to avoid loss of life or serious bodily harm. This applies not just to the home but also vehicles and public spaces. The law provides robust protections for those acting in lawful self-defense.

4. No State Bans on Semi-Auto Rifles or Standard Capacity Magazines

Ohio does not prohibit ownership of semi-automatic rifles like the AR-15. There are also no magazine capacity restrictions. Law-abiding citizens over 18 can legally buy and own modern sporting rifles if no other disqualifying factors exist.

However, it remains illegal under state and federal law for prohibited persons like felons and domestic abusers to possess firearms. There are also rules against carrying rifles into sensitive public places. Usage and storage laws still apply. But overall, Ohio avoids bans imposed by some other states.

5. NFA Items Allowed After Federal Approval

Ohio does not impose additional restrictions on NFA-controlled items like short-barreled rifles and suppressors beyond federal rules. Residents who satisfy federal requirements can legally own these items.

The federal process includes submitting proper paperwork, paying a $200 tax stamp fee per item, undergoing extensive background checks, and receiving ATF approval.

While complex, this allows ownership of NFA-regulated items in Ohio following federal protocols. State law does not prohibit ownership.

6. No Waiting Period for Purchases

Ohio does not impose any mandatory waiting period for firearm purchases or delivery. This applies equally to private sales and purchases from licensed gun dealers.

The sale, transfer, or receipt of firearms can proceed immediately after completing a background check for dealer sales. For private sales, no wait is required. The purchase can occur whenever the buyer and seller complete their transaction.

Waiting periods provide a “cool down” window to prevent impulsive violence. Ohio trusts buyers to be responsible once legally cleared to buy guns. Some criticize this, while others argue it reasonably allows the faster exercise of 2nd Amendment rights.

7. Restrictions Apply in School Zones

Possessing a firearm within 1,000 feet of any school safety zone in Ohio is illegal unless you have a valid concealed carry license or written authorization. School safety zones include school buildings, buses, and facilities.

Violating this law is a fifth-degree felony punishable by 6-12 months in jail and a fine of up to $2,500. There are limited exceptions, like authorized school security staff.

This restriction aims to provide enhanced safety for students and staff during school and related activities. However, some argue it impairs the ability of lawful gun owners to protect themselves in public areas near schools.

8. State Preemption of Local Firearm Laws

Ohio has strong preemption laws restricting local authorities from enacting firearm regulations stricter than state laws. Local municipalities and counties cannot create their patchwork of gun control rules.

Preemption aims to provide consistency statewide. However, some local authorities argue they should have the power to tailor gun laws to their community’s needs and concerns. It remains a tug-of-war between state and local control.

9. No Registration Requirement

There is no firearm registry or database tracking ownership and purchases in Ohio. The state does not collect or store records of gun serial numbers, owners, buyers, or other information.

Proponents argue this protects privacy and prevents potential future confiscation. Critics contend registration enables tracking guns used in crimes and provides accountability. The debate continues between security and liberty interests.

Conclusion

While Ohio has relatively gun-friendly laws, there are still important regulations and restrictions that all gun owners must understand. Always stay current on the latest rules and requirements, especially regarding concealed carry permits, allowable areas to possess firearms, and use of force in self-defense situations.